Model-3 was trained with a combination of the CT-AP images and the X-ray images used in Model-1, while Model-4 was trained using the CT-AP images and the downsampled X-ray images from Model-2. Model-1 was trained on the X-ray images from the CHECK cohort while Model-2 was trained on the same X-ray images that were downsampled to sizes of 100 pixels×100 pixels to match the ROI sizes of the CT-AP images. ResNet18 has a network architecture based on the ResNet CNNs and takes input data of size ) details on the network architecture can be found in the original publication by He K et al.įive models were trained to investigate the performance of the different training data to detect rHOA. In this study, ResNet18 was chosen after considering the graphics processing unit capacity and time vs predictive accuracy when compared to other models. Different types of CNNs such as VGG, ResNet, and DenseNet have previously been used in OA-related studies. The DL model, ResNet18, was trained for assessing the presence or absence of rHOA. Gout, rheumatoid arthritis and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease are correlated with the onset of secondary osteoarthritis. Secondary osteoarthritis is a complication of other arthropathies or secondary to trauma. In primary osteoarthritis, the common sites of involvement include the hands, hips, knees and feet 13, 17. 1 Biomechanical factors associated with osteoarthritis include obesity, muscle weakness and neurologic dysfunction. 13 16 The precise etiology of osteoarthritis is unknown, but biochemical and biomechanical factors are likely to be important in the etiology and pathogenesis. 1 Primary osteoarthritis is the most common form and is usually seen in weight-bearing joints that have undergone abnormal stresses. Grade 4 : large bone spurs, marked joint space narrowing, changes to bone ends underneath the cartilageĪlthough osteoarthritis is especially common in older adults, its pathology of asymmetric joint cartilage loss, subchondral sclerosis, marginal osteophytes and subchondral cysts is the same in younger and older adults.Grade 3 : multiple bone spurs, definite narrowing of joint space and possible bone changes.Grade 2 : bone spurs present and possible joint space narrowing.Grade 1 : doubtful joint space narrowing and possible.The Kellgren-Lawrence scale is an internationally accepted scale for grading hip arthritis x-rays.

What Does Hip Arthritis Look Like on an Xray? | Seaview Orthopaedic & Medical Associates

Normal male hip arthritis xray